Dame Judi Dench Is Helping Shine a Light on a Condition Affecting Thousands Across Scotland

When Dame Judi Dench recently spoke about how age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has made it impossible for her to read scripts and affected her ability to work, it struck a chord with many people living with visual impairment.

Her honesty is important. Too often, people dismiss changes in their vision as simply part of getting older or feel uncomfortable talking about the challenges they face. By speaking openly about AMD, Dame Judi has helped start an important conversation about a condition that affects around 58,000 people in Scotland and more than 600,000 people across the UK.

What is AMD?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the macula, the central part of the retina that allows us to see clearly ahead, distinguish colours and make out fine detail.

The macula helps us carry out many of the things we do every day, from reading and recognising faces to watching television and driving. As AMD develops, central vision can become blurred or distorted, making these activities increasingly difficult.

While AMD does not usually cause total blindness, the loss of central vision can have a significant impact on a person's independence, confidence and quality of life.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms can vary from person to person, but common signs of AMD include blurred central vision, making it harder to see fine detail. Straight lines may appear wavy or distorted, while reading text and recognising faces can become more challenging. Some people find colours appear less vibrant, and dark, blurred or blank patches may develop in the centre of their vision.

Who is at risk?

AMD is most common in people over 50, and the risk increases as we get older. Family history and smoking can also increase the likelihood of developing the condition.

By the age of 90, around one in five people will develop AMD. As Scotland's population continues to age, the number of people affected is expected to rise significantly in the years ahead.

What should you do if you're concerned?

If you notice blurred or distorted vision, or any sudden change in your sight, it is important to get it checked as soon as possible.

Eye tests are free in Scotland and can detect AMD and many other eye conditions at an early stage. While there is currently no cure for AMD, treatments are available for some forms of the condition that can help slow its progression. That makes early diagnosis especially important.